Friday, 19 March 2010

Stop the World, I Want to Get Off!

The London underground can be a daunting place to be. To anybody experiencing this for the first time it can be particularly scary. There are so many things to do and nobody ever tells you what exactly you are supposed to do. Where do you get your ticket and how do you know what zones you need? Why do some people have a swipe card? How long will my journey take?
On a recent trip to London I observed in general how people act, react and move through and around the Underground. There was a large group of twenty of us in London for a conference and we used the ‘Tube’ regularly, whether it was the twenty of us at once or in smaller groups, however there were noticeable differences between us and the others using this service.
On entering the underground straight away there appears to be a lot of confusion. There are booths with people standing queued in front of it, above the small booth window a little sign reading ‘Tickets & Advice’. This suggests that this would be the best place to stand and wait for tickets; however along the sides of one wall not too far from the booths people appear to also be flocking to these large black ticket machines. These machines are probably the quickest way of getting a ticket. I noticed that some people were taking forever at these machines, some would have to select the different language option and even then it appeared to not fully explain the options. At the machines it is easy to tell the difference between those people who do not regularly use the tube and those that use it for commuting every day. Normally those who are new users are a bit like a rabbit in headlights, wide open eyes, trying to be aware of everything and not give away the fact that they are panicking and uncertain what they are to do. There are choruses of “Where are we going?”, “What zone are we needing?” , “What ticket do we need?”, all the while as the people behind are becoming more and more impatient and tutting at the length of time they are having to wait at the ‘express’ queue.  Sometimes it can be note that some people just jump in front it is although all manners are forgotten and those people who are in a rush or know what to do feel it a necessity to queue jump. Those people with oyster card are some of the worst as their thoughts appear to go along the lines of “I only need to swipe my card and put money on it”; it is this attitude by some people that adds to the new user’s initial shock and fear of the tube.
Next thing after the ticket machines we have the ticket barriers, although these are a helpful device (they are in place to make sure every person on the tube has paid, thus reducing crime etc), some people treat these as a hindrance. People remarkably turn into prehistoric beings and animal instincts start to show through. There is pushing and blatant queue jumping, apparently most people who use the tube are deaf and cannot speak. Very rarely do you hear an apology and even rarer an “excuse me”. Unfortunately a friend’s ticket would not allow her to pass through the barrier, as a new user of the tube she was confused and tried to insert the ticket in numerous different ways. This process must have taken thirty seconds but to the man behind her he acted like she had been holding the queue up for hours. He shouted “Get out of the way! Buy a ticket!” Now had he taken a couple of seconds to ask her if she was okay he then could have helped her by suggesting she speaks to the man looking after the barriers who would in turn look at the date on the ticket and allow her to pass through. I understand that to people who live or work in London this is an everyday solution to getting home or to work but they treat everyone as though they should not exist, the tube should be tourist free. Perhaps I am exaggerating but the amount of traffic and the rush at which people push and barge their way through is overwhelming.
Observing people getting onto the tube or waiting on the platform can be quite amusing, different people approach it in various ways. I note some people hold back and when hearing the train is approaching push forward to get to a better place, others attempt to guess where the doors will be when the train has stopped; others are certain of where they want to stand and are not going to move for anyone. It is funny to see all of these people at once as the train approaches, it descends into chaos and it is like some kind of animal dance. There are the people who wait lurching forward, the people who know exactly where they want to stand resisting and pushing backwards, then we have the guessers who run back and forward to get to the door, trying to judge speed distance and time, all whilst looking like a demented hungry hyena. Without going in depth too much about the warning signals, the sounds of “Mind the gap please!”, “Stay behind the yellow line”, “Please let customers off first” appear to be ignored as people throw themselves onto the tube. Once on the tube those that are seated are lucky enough to be so. Most times people tend to squash themselves up in front of the doors. The experience reminds me of a tin of sardines all squashed together with no room to move. People appear to want to keep themselves to themselves whether they try to read a book really close to their nose, sometimes it even bangs off of their face as there is really no space to move. Other people read the newspapers, listen to music, and use their iPhone or laptop, basically anything they can to not speak to each other. This leads to an eerie experience as there is hardly a noise on the tube apart from those people who are not used to the tube and find it a novelty.
On entering the train there is once again a battle to try and get a seat or the best possible standing place, there is not really any regard for the elderly, pregnant or those with lots of luggage. In fact those with luggage are treated worse than anybody else, as though they are stupid for bringing suitcases into the underground. Whilst on the train it would appear essential not to make eye contact and it is noticeable that people are looking each other up and down but as soon as the eye line is reciprocated they look away really quickly as though they were looking at a fly or something else. People do not speak to each other even when getting off the tube, sometimes if somebody does speak it comes as a shock and everybody else’s body language becomes quite defensive. Most of people’s gaze tends to be on the line map above the seats in the carriage, it is noticeable that they are counting the stops until the need to get off. On exiting the tube once again the platform is chaotic “Where do we go now?”, “How do we get out?” the confusion of people trying to figure this out is almost amusing eventually you can “see” the click in people’s brains as they realise they should just follow everyone else. Again this is an animal trait, like sheep, if lost the best thing to do is follow everyone else. Back up to the ticket barrier there is once again the rigmarole of barging and pushing. All of this pushing can save an impressive five minutes or so off of a journey. As some first time “tubers” noted- “Why do people rush so much? If they miss this one then there is another one in two minutes.”
The Underground system is truly an amazing one, the design, mechanics and thought process that has gone into this is massive. To a degree it is highly successful, however if the attitudes of the users changed it could be a much more enjoyable experience for all.  The title of a musical that sums the experience for me is “Stop the World, I Want to Get Off”

Wednesday, 24 February 2010

Understanding Images and Results of the Theory

Roland Barthes- Rhetoric of the Image.

I have to confess on first reading Rhetoric of the Image, I couldn’t but feel overwhelmed. It was as though Barthes was speaking a different language, so many complicated and confusing words. However I believe the purpose of this text is to challenge us to think more about images and the linguistic nature.  The text goes on to discuss three types of messages; linguistic message, coded iconic message and non-coded iconic message.
Firstly Barthes looks at an advertisement for Panzani Pasta and other ingredients. He suggests that on looking at the image we will be able to receive a message straight away. The gist of the message is linguistic, meaning that because of the text in the image were are able to draw some conclusions of what the advertisement is for. Barthes suggests that both the caption for the advert along with the product label can further help decipher the image. The language that the caption is written in and also some of the text on the label is French. This is known as a denotational linguistic message. The name of the brand, Panzani, is Italian and this portrays the product as also being Italian. This is known as a connotational linguistic message. Taking away the linguistics of the advertisement we are simply left with the image. Again the image immediately provides the viewer with signs and ideas of the product. The idea of the overflowing shopping bag suggests the produce is fresh and ready to be eaten; also the colours that are use refer back to the ‘Italianicity’ of the product. However the designer of the advertisement when making decisions about text and image needed to decide if he/she wanted the image to reinforce the text or if they wanted the image to also give more messages. The functions of the linguistic message regarding the iconic message appear to be ‘anchorage’ and ‘relay’.
‘Anchorage’ appears to be the most common function found in the linguistic message usually in press photos and adverts. Anchorage is in place to help the viewer relate to and understand the image. The text and image ‘directs the reader through the signifieds of the image causing him to avoid some and receive others’. Thus it would suggest that the designer can put in place specific messages that he/she wants the viewer to understand.
‘Relay’ can most commonly found in cartoons, this is where there are only a small number of images and without the text the images are hard for the reader to understand. Therefore by inserting the text into the cartoon the reader can quickly decipher what is happening in the story.
Barthes suggests that advertisements although may appear to be natural in placement are in fact structured in such a way as to convey particular messages. This is known as the coded iconic message. In reference to the ‘Panzani’ image the colours the designer has chosen in their ‘still life’ represent the culture and the Italianicity of the product. This coded message along with others affirms the solidity of the produce. A non-coded iconic message is more simply about the image itself it is purely a visual thing that does not contain any hidden symbols or messages.
It is also suggested by Barthes that drawings cannot be decoded as no matter who draws there is always going to be a personal style influencing the viewer. A photograph however is impartial as no matter who takes the photograph the image will remain the same. ‘... the photograph is never experienced as illusion ....it’s reality that of the having-been-there’ this is similar to the saying ‘a camera never lies’ This means that although a photograph may be staged to convey particular messages, the viewer may take many different meanings away from it. It also enables us to understand that text aids readers to understand the image that they are looking at.
My results working with Barthes Theory
Although the concepts that Barthes suggests are quite difficult to understand I found the idea of underlying hidden messages quite interesting, as I am intruiged to know how people try to manipulate others. However with the images that I chose for my assignments below I discoverd that sometimes people can still have completely different ideas about what they see, no matter how much information is given. I tried to get people to take away the idea that the innocent gorilla has been caged up and it really would like to escape to paradise. Although most people eventually ‘saw’ this story, others still chose to leave elements of the story out altogether or add in new elements that were not apparent in any of the images. I feel that perhaps the images I chose or possibly the words that I added were maybe too difficult to understand or maybe did not convey the message well enough. I found these assignments particularly interesting and this is something I would like to investigate further.

Say what you see! Part 4

Although the insertion in part 3 of the word INNOCENT into my images has got people thinking the same way about one aspect of the story, people still appear to be having some difficulty relating to one of the other images. For this reason I have chosen to insert a second word, this time the word is ESCAPE.


Images sources from: www.sxc.hu 
Caroline
20
Student
1 Brother, 1 Sister

Like many animals in the world, there was a gorilla which was held in captivity in a zoo. It longed to break free and escape so it could live in paradise like it is supposed to.

Charles
20
Student
1 Brother, 1 Sister

The innocent gorilla escapes and travels across a beach where he meets a family of gorillas. They all escape together and travel to the beautiful side of the island.

Craig
28
Project Manager
2 Brothers

The gorilla represents all of the innocent animals that are locked in captivity, they should be freed so that they can live in the wild where the belong.

Jonathan
19
Student
1 Brother

When escaping abroad to a tropical island the last thing you expect to see is an innocent monkey caged up for view.

Lee
51
Postgraduate Office
2 Sisters

The innocent gorilla does not know why it is held in captivity, it dreams of escaping to its own personal paradise.

Meghan
18
Student
1 Sister

The innocent gorilla tried to escape to paradise.

It would appear that most people have managed to get the ideas of the gorilla being an innocent animal and also that it does not want to be there, it would prefer to be somewhere else. If I was to continue the research further I would possibly try adding different words or extra photographs. I found this a challenging but interesting assignment and as discussed above I am particularly interested in hidden messages.

Tuesday, 23 February 2010

Say what you see! Part 3

Unfortunately part 2 did not really help in trying to get people closer to seeing the same story as each other. I decided to take away the fourth image of the angel and chose instead to add a word to one of my previous images. Hopefully this will start to get people thinking along the same lines. The three images below have remained the same and once again I have asked people to say what they see. The added word is: INNOCENT





Images sourced from: www.sxc.hu

Emma

19
Student
1 Sister

The innocent monkey was found caged up and stranded on a desert island, by holiday makers.

Iain
23
Sound & AV Technician
2 Brothers

The innocent gorilla is trapped in a cage where it does not belong. It should be in the forest where it originates.

Jenn
22
Student/Nurse
1 Brother, 1 Sister

The innocent monkey that was caged up has escaped back into the wild.

Karen
21
Student
2 Brothers, 2 Sisters

On holiday in Jamaica I spent a lot of time on the sandy beaches. One of the beaches had a zoo nearby where I saw many animals. My favourite was the apes, although I would much rather see them in the open.

Pip
22
Shop Supervisor
1 Sister

Innocent animals are being caged in and should be free in the wild.

Tam
74
Retired
2 Brothers

People thought the gorilla was dangerous and had damaged their beautiful island so they caged it up even thought it was innocent.

Lin
20
Student
Only child

A long time ago, the world had beautiful scenery and environments, however more and more people polluted the earth. This means more and more animals can’t live in their natural homes. It is such a beautiful place to have left because of pollution.

Say what you see! Part 2

After looking at the stories from part 1 below I decided to add a fourth image, this was to see if this fourth image would influence people into thinking or seeing the same stories as others have seen. Again I asked people to give me a story of what they see. So sticking with my 3 previous images I added the image below.

Image sourced from: www.sxc.hu

Charlotte

19
Student
1 Sister

An angelic gorilla went abroad to go to the seaside.

Helen
20
Student
1 Sister

The gorilla was trapped. Everyone thought he was dangerous, but inside he was innocent and angelic. He just wanted to escape and return back to his home, where it was warm and beautiful, instead of being stuck where the only similar thing was the water and beach.

Jane
22 ¼
Optical Assistant
1 Brother

A gorilla is looked after by a guardian angel and the angel leads the gorilla to escape to a better land.
Kat
19
Student
1 Brother, 1 Sister

Man is trapped and wants to escape in a spiritual and religious sense in order to find peace and tranquillity.
Maria
23
Beauty Therapist
2 Sisters
A nice gorilla escapes to a better place where he is not trapped, just like before he was captured.

Mike
45
Music Teacher
1 Brother, 1 Sister

The angelic statue looks so forlorn, like the animals that are caged up feel so lost and alone. They want to escape to a better place. Maybe animals and humans really want the same things.

Paula
51
Nurse
3 Brothers, 2 Sisters

On a trip to Florence we went round the museums then to the zoo where the gorillas were kept in cages. There was a group trying to help release the gorillas back into the natural habitat.

Unfortunately this image did not do as I had intended. I had hoped people would look at the sculpted angel and take a mannerism from it. Instead some people have managed to add in a religious element to the story. This is perhaps something I should have preempted beforehand, however this just goes to prove that people see things differently.

Say what you see!

The idea of this experiment was to try and understand how people interpret images and also if there is anyway in which you can influence people so they all "see" the same thing. First I chose 3 images at random and gave them to people to interpret, I asked there asge occupation, if they have any siblings and asked them to make up a story or say what they see. Below are the images I chose and also some of the stories I got back.


All images sourced from : www.sxc.hu
Emilie
19 ¼
Student
1 Sister

Gorilla/Human. Human dreams of getting away to a beautiful beach. It is a dream of a rainbow coloured, empty beach where he can be alone and in peace.

Fiona
19
Student
1 Brother, 1 Sister

There is a feeling of being trapped with a need to escape to paradise away from destruction.

Joanna
22
Musical Theatre Tutor
1 Brother

A gorilla escapes to a better land, just like King Kong!

Kirsty
19
Student
1 Sister

We were on holiday abroad- it was summer and really hot. We went to the zoo and saw the gorillas. The zoo was on the top of a mountain and we looked down and saw the beach with the beautiful blue water. We decided to go down towards it but unfortunately it wasn’t as nice as we thought.

Mike
50
Engineer
3 Brothers
On arriving on the North Beach I thought it looked like an ex-prison, but then I saw some caged gorillas left in what looked like a disaster area. I realised something must have happened recently. I sailed around to the next cove which looked Idyllic.

Rachel
19
Student
1 Brother

The story is about breaking free to a more exotic place. It is like being trapped and wanting to escape to paradise.

Sarah
20
Student
1 Brother, 1 Sister

A gorilla escapes from his cage and damages everything to get to a faraway place. A nicer place that he remembers.

Wednesday, 3 February 2010

Reactions

After analysing photographs of Ross’ house (see post below) we discussed our findings with each other to assess whether or not we actually could tell things about each other without knowing each other.

Ross’ reactions to my analysis.

It was quite a strange experience sitting there telling someone else who you think they are. However with Ross it appears I was quite close to being spot on e.g. things such as Ross having strong family values and opinions. I asked Ross if his CD’s were ordered somehow and he informed me they were, Alphabetically by artist and then year of release. This confirmed my understanding that Ross was well organised and like to proud of his belongings. As I mentioned that I pictured Ross’ room to always be clean he told me that it goes in cycles, sometimes it is spotless and then gradually becomes untidy until it is unbearable, then tidy again. This surprised me as the generally I got the impression that the whole family were keen to keep everything really clean.

I thought the reason Ross’ room was red reflected his strong opinions and values and this was something that he had not really thought about. Ross said that he chose to paint his room red because it was different to the blue that was underneath, but he did agree that perhaps there were some underlying reasons such as those I put across. It was interesting to note that Ross was a big collector of all things Star Wars when he was younger, obviously as there is only one obvious piece of memorabilia it was quite hard to interpret. It turns out the framed clips were a gift from his girlfriend, who knew that he liked Star Wars as a child.

I told Ross that I thought his family liked to welcome people into their house and that first impressions were important to them, he confirmed this to be true and told me that first impressions generally reflect what people think of the rest of the house. The biggest difference was the plates in the entranceway, I suggested that these were military and had some connection to the past. However it turns out to be a collection of John Wayne memorabilia plates that his family have collected over the years. I asked if there was a reason for this and Ross informed me that they were important as they were a reminder of his late Grandfather, who had a passion for John Wayne films.

My reactions to Ross’ analysis.

At first I was apprehensive as to what I was going to hear. Would I be told some underlying issue that I had never thought of? Overall Ross analysis of me was also very close to the truth. Ross’ could tell that my family were close not only with the immediate family but also with the extended family. I was slightly taken aback when Ross told me that my parents tended to spend money on me and my two brothers rather than themselves or the house. This is almost identical to what my parents say “we spent all of our money on you three and we just made do for us and the house.” It was a bit spooky when Ross asked if my Dad, an Engineer, was some kind of tradesman or worked with his hand. Ross told me that he thought my Dad was quite well built and that was the indication of working in a trade. Characteristics of me that Ross managed to pick up on from my photos were that as a child I was slightly clumsy, outgoing and quite funny. He could tell that I was comfortable being with adults from a young age, something I had never really thought about, and that my family and I like spending time in the outdoors.

It was peculiar listening to somebody else tell you about yourself, however I did enjoy it as it reminded me of the fun times my family and I used to have when were all together camping or on holiday. Unfortunately this is something that never really happens that often as we have all grown up and some moved away from home I think we are all a bit more used to the creature comforts ad the heat of a holiday in Greece rather that a camping trip to Pitlochry.

This process was quite hard to get a grasp of but as I got into it I found it a more enjoyable experience. As I looked into the Johari Window, I discovered that some of what is mentioned in that is reflected into the analysis that Ross and I did of each other. There was not much that either of us did not really know about ourselves but small things such as the underlying reasons for Ross choosing red or my relationship with adults. Other than those couple of this generally we were telling each other things that we both knew and could relate with. Overall the exercise was challenging as I felt there was a need to be very careful of how you put your findings across to the other person. I was very cautious of offending Ross, or said something that he found inappropriate. It is difficult analysing someone when you do not know as you are wary of mentioning things such as family in case the family home has been separated or someone has passed away. In that way I fell we maybe hold back on saying things exactly as we see it. Perhaps this is true with lots of research, in the time that we live in everyone is particularly careful to not upset or offend others. Therfore I can only assume that not all research is completely honest.